The Sultanate's population increased about 625 thousand people to reach about 4.62 million people during the period from mid-2014 to mid-2019, with the annual rate of change reaching 3.5% among Omani nationals and about 2.7% among expatriates, according to the population statistics bulletin issued by the Centre.

The population statistics bulletin, which is based on mid-2019 data, shows that the age-gender-pyramid of Omani citizens for the year 2019 is almost equal, reaching 50.4% males and 49.6% females. The number of males reached about 1.34 million and the number of females reached about 1.32 million people, with the gender ratio at 101 males per 100 females.

Youth and children under 29 years represented the largest segment of Omanis, forming two thirds of the Omani population (64%), while children under 5 years represented the largest group, reaching 15%.

The gender ratio for Omanis in the age group of 65 years and above decreased to about 92 males per 100 females. The gender ratio in the age group between 15 and 64 years old reached 101 males per 100 females.

The age dependency rate among Omani citizens reached about 72 dependents for every 100 individuals in the working-age group. The dependency of Omani children reached 65 dependents for every 100 individuals in the working-age group, while the dependency of the elderly was low among Omanis, recording about 7 dependents for every 100 individuals in the working-age group.

The population statistics bulletin points out that the gender ratio for expatriates recorded a decrease in the year 2019 to about 506 males per 100 females in the age group of 15 to 64 years old, and about 254 males per 100 females in the age group of 65 years old and above. Males constituted 82% of the total expatriates in the Sultanate.

The population statistics bulletin also shows that the working-age expatriates in the age group of 15 to 64 years old constitute the largest segment of the expatriates, recording 95% of the expatriate population. More expatriates were recorded in the age group of between 25 and 34 years old and their percentages reached 43% of the total number of expatriates in the year 2019.

The age dependency rate among expatriates was about 5.5 dependents for every 100 individuals in the working-age group. The dependency of expatriate children reached 4.9 dependents for every 100 individuals, while the dependency of elderly persons was almost nonexistent among the expatriate population.

The Governorate of Muscat is the highest in terms of housing density, with 355 people per square kilometers, followed by the governorates of Al-Batinah North, Al-Batinah South, and Ash-Sharqiah South, with 98, 82 and 27 people per square kilometers, respectively.

The population density is less than 10 people per square kilometer in the governorates of Dhofar, Al-Wusta and Adh-Dhahirah.